Journal: Virology Journal

Article Title: The role of NH 4 Cl and cysteine proteases in Human Papillomavirus type 16 infection

doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-6-109

Figure Lengend Snippet: HPV16 infection is reduced in the presence of cysteine protease inhibitors . Infection of 293 cells alone, with HPV 16 DsRed reporter-virions (mock control, Infected), or in the presence of: 20 mM of lysosome neutralizing agent NH 4 Cl; 10 μM of a non-permeable cysteine protease inhibitor E64; 10 μM of the permeable cysteine protease inhibitor E64-d; 6 μM of the permeable intracellular cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074ME; or 10 μM of the cathepsin L inhibitor. Infection was analyzed and compared 48 hours post binding by FACS of DSRED expression. Inhibitors were present for the duration of infection. Cells alone were analyzed for background fluorescence. Statistics were analyzed by 1 tailed t-test and found to be significant at P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The following inhibitors were obtained from Calbiochem (Gibbstown, NJ) and used at the following non-toxic concentration: CA-074Me (6 μM), Z-FF-FMK an irreversible cell permeable cathepsin L inhibitor (10 μM), E64 (10 μM), E64-d (10 μM).

Techniques: Infection, Protease Inhibitor, Binding Assay, Expressing, Fluorescence